Types and varieties of raspberries: description

What types and varieties of raspberries are there? Description and characteristics of the main types are in this material.

Raspberry is a perennial fruit plant with a highly developed, sinuous root system with many adventitious roots. The shoots of the bush are distinguished by their erect shape and can reach a height of up to two and a half meters. In appearance, in the first growing season they are green in color with a bluish bloom, have a grassy structure with small thin thorns. In the second year of life, the branches of the crop become woody and turn brown.

After they bear fruit, the branches die, but new stems are formed from the same root buds.

The branches of raspberry bushes are covered with complex oval-shaped leaves, which consist of three to seven bright green ovate leaves. Each individual leaflet is covered with small hairs on the underside and is colored whitish.

Raspberry leaves contain a large amount of tannins, vitamins, and acids. They also contain such important elements as phytoncides, ash, macro and microelements.

Raspberry flowers: description

When describing the color of raspberries, one should note the delicate greenish-white color and a very subtle honey smell. The flowers are collected in small neat inflorescences and have many stamens and pistils. They are located on the tops of the stems and in the axils of the foliage.

Important! For the flowering period, weather conditions play an important role, since flowers are pollinated by insects that fly mainly in dry weather. Thus, the amount of harvest directly depends on pollination.

Raspberry taste: description of the fruit

Raspberries have a distinct, very pleasant aroma. In appearance they are small drupes that form a complex fruit. It is noteworthy that the color of the berries can vary greatly. It is completely different for different varieties - from pink and bright burgundy to black. There are also white, yellow and orange fruits.

Describing the taste of raspberries, it should be noted that it is unique and difficult to confuse with any other. Absolutely everyone likes the sweet and sour juicy fruits - from children to the elderly. Raspberries quench thirst very well and have many beneficial and medicinal properties.

Thanks to the amazing taste, raspberries make wonderful fragrant jams, compotes, jams, as well as wine, liqueurs and liqueurs. Raspberry syrup is widely used in pharmaceuticals to improve the taste of medicines.

Classification, types and varieties of raspberries

There are a colossal number of varieties of this crop. They are conventionally divided into the following groups:

• By color scheme: white, yellow, orange, black, traditional red;
• By fruit size: small, medium, large;
• By ripening period: early, mid-early, mid-ripening, mid-late, late.
• By frost resistance: frost-resistant, not frost-resistant.
• It is especially worth noting remontant varieties and standard raspberries.

Remontant raspberries are shrubs that produce fruits in summer and autumn, and with special care they can produce two harvests per year: on last year’s shoots and on current year’s branches.

The main feature of standard raspberries is their erect, branched stems, strong and thick. If you pinch, the bush will look like a small tree. In most cases, these varieties do not need garter.

Wild raspberries: description

Forest or wild raspberries are from the Rosaceae family. The culture is a subshrub, sometimes reaching up to two meters in height. The plant has a perennial root system; it develops biennial shoots of the above-ground type.

In the first year of life, raspberry branches have a grassy structure. They are colored green and covered with spikes. By the end of autumn they become woody and shed their thorns.

Shoots begin to bloom and bear fruit only in the second year of life. After they bear fruit, they die off, and new young branches grow in their place.

The flowering period of wild raspberries lasts from early June to early July. The berries begin to ripen in mid-July and continue to ripen almost throughout August.

The berries of wild raspberries resemble a complex, bright red, spherical fruit with a sweet taste and a pleasant strong aroma. The drupe is easily separated from the stalk.

This crop grows in forest-steppe and forest zones. It has about a hundred different species. In the Russian Federation, mostly ordinary red raspberries grow in the wild. In the United States of America you can also find bristly wild raspberries.

Description of the composition of wild raspberries

This raspberry is very different from other wild berry crops. It contains up to 18 percent dry matter. This figure is much higher than, for example, currants, blueberries or cranberries. The seeds contain proteins, fats, phytosterols, and acids (formic, citric, salicylic, malic). Due to the high content of seeds in the fruit, wild raspberries contain a lot of fiber.

The fruits are also rich in vitamin C and B vitamins. Among the minerals, it is worth noting calcium, potassium, phosphorus and iron.

Yellow or golden raspberry: description

One of the most attractive fruit crops growing in garden plots is the golden raspberry. In addition to being a delicious and healthy delicacy, it is also attractive for its unique appearance.

Golden raspberries contain less acid, which makes them much sweeter than common raspberries.

Features of golden raspberry

Many varieties of this crop are remontant. Absolutely all varieties, subject to proper care, produce good yields of berries - from six to nine kilograms per bush.

The berries are large. There are five, ten and even twelve grams in weight. The fruiting period is long. The bushes are highly resistant to various diseases and pests, and are also winter-hardy.

If you believe the description of golden raspberries, then the berries of old varieties are completely untransportable and do not even hold their shape. As for modern varieties, their fruits are distinguished by dense drupes, are well stored and retain their original appearance for a long time.

To harvest a lot of large and high-quality raspberries per season, experts advise buying seedlings in specialized nurseries. This will avoid the risk of buying a completely wrong crop (private owners often deceive gardeners by passing off one variety as another).